Which NLP task involves categorizing text documents or instances into predefined classes or categories based on their content?

Which NLP task involves categorizing text documents or instances into predefined classes or categories based on their content?

• A. Named Entity Recognition
• B. Text Classification
• C. Semantic Role Labeling
• D. Machine Translation

Answer: (B)

Text classification is the task of assigning a text document or instance to one of a predefined set of categories based on its content. It relies on labeled examples to teach a model which patterns—such as specific words, phrases, or semantic meanings—signal each category. In practice, you might categorize emails as spam or legitimate, tag articles by topic, or determine the sentiment of a review. The goal is to map the content of the text to the correct predefined class, which is exactly what this item describes. Named Entity Recognition focuses on finding and classifying proper names (like people, places, organizations) within text, not on labeling the entire document into categories. Semantic Role Labeling assigns roles to sentence constituents (who did what to whom) to parse the relationships around verbs. Machine Translation converts text from one language to another.

Text classification is the task of assigning a text document or instance to one of a predefined set of categories based on its content. It relies on labeled examples to teach a model which patterns—such as specific words, phrases, or semantic meanings—signal each category. In practice, you might categorize emails as spam or legitimate, tag articles by topic, or determine the sentiment of a review. The goal is to map the content of the text to the correct predefined class, which is exactly what this item describes.

Named Entity Recognition focuses on finding and classifying proper names (like people, places, organizations) within text, not on labeling the entire document into categories. Semantic Role Labeling assigns roles to sentence constituents (who did what to whom) to parse the relationships around verbs. Machine Translation converts text from one language to another.